"Tough enemies" are not actually tough. I was an even match for three wolves or one mountain lion. So Just after killing the first dragon (which I did shockingly little to help defeat) the quest options available to me from whereverthehug I was included passing through a frozen area which had frost wolves (or something along those lines).
I would die to one of them in about three hits.
"Get a horse" I was told, so I did. Even trying to avoid aggroing the wolves by going far out and away from them, skirting two packs I'd inevitably attract something's attention, which would one-shot the horse if I didn't get off it, or I'd get off and attempt combat only to be one-shot myself. And I had no ability to fight from horseback.
At which point I explained that I'd been trying to locate heavier armor than I'd found initially, hence the three solutions to my problem (as I was wearing a mix of heavy, medium, and light armor, bifurcating my armor skill). The fourth option was to nuke my save and restart because there was heavy armor available at the start of the game, it was just hidden where you wouldn't find it by accident. Which further shows that Bethesda doesn't know how balance works. They gave us free reign of weapons, but not armor, knowing full well that having a matched set and sticking with it is better in the long run.
The article's interesting, but I'll confess that I didn't read all of it as it's quite lengthy and a bit dense--from what I can tell, it's still measuring users' gameplay hours, though? I already acknowledged that sales don't account for how long people continue to play the game for, and that my only evidence to back up the point (that console players still enjoy the game, ergo mods are not necessary to make Skyrim a pleasant experience) was anecdotal.
I still think you're being unfair in your assessment of Skyrim. Based on what you're telling me, you're describing the journey from Whiterun to High Hrothgar, which takes you up a mountain pass inhabited by frost creatures (from frost wolves to frost trolls and stuff in between based on your level). This can be a difficult run for low-level players, so, if you're having trouble, then you can do other quests and become more powerful in the mean time. Skyrim is a huge world and there's plenty to do to level up before tackling a difficult zone. Whoever told you that getting a horse was the solution to your troubles didn't give the best advice. Sprinting through on a horse can get you past enemies as they are faster than wolves, but you have to be careful about it and take advantage of how enemies deal with terrain.
Heavy armor is not the sole solution to your troubles, nor is it even remotely hard to acquire. You hardly need to restart for that--Earn some gold and buy a set from a blacksmith or get some pieces from chests in dungeons. Any. It's not correct that they give you "free reign of weapons but not armor." It's hardly counter-intuitive that adopting a "jack of all trades, master of none" playstyle will make your skills in any individual area less strong. That applies to any skill, armor or weapon (not just in Skyrim either.)
Like I said earlier, saying you only have 4 options isn't correct. The race you're playing can give you more tools--a Nord could use the battle cry ability to make the wolves run away, an Imperial could use Voice of the Emperor to soothe them, a Wood Elf could use Command Animal to turn one of them to your side, etc. Or just be careful and whittle them down with conventional attacks, kite them around, make use of unrelenting force to keep them back, there are tons of possibilities. And again, if it's tough, you can retreat and come back later with better gear/skills. The complaint I've more often heard is that the game is too easy--if people can play through the game entirely on Legendary (max) difficulty and do just fine (I know it's doable because I have) then the balance being skewed impossibly against the player is not accurate.
If Skyrim's not for you, then that's fine. It has a lot of legitimate issues, or maybe you just don't like it. No problem. But from what I'm hearing it sounds like you're just not in to it and therefore aren't really putting much effort into problem solving, instead blaming your issues on "Bethesda not knowing how balance works." It hardly has to be modded to make it playable--make it better, sure, but the travesty you're painting it isn't the case.