From game resources in RuntimeData\Language\en\a_bionic.xml
Solar Axis Pact
When 2+ non-fed races each control more than one planet, and have reasonable attitudes toward one another, they form the SAP. The SAP does not dissolve until there is only one member race left alive in it. However, if a race has -50 or worse attitude toward any other members of the SAP, then it will grow increasingly discontented over time and eventually abandon the SAP (happens when your "Dislike Of Other Members Of SAP" influence with them reaches 100).
Fear Empire
When a non-fed race controls 4+ planets, a Fear Empire forms. The Fear Empire does not dissolve until the race is dead, meaning they cannot live if you wish the fed to be universal. It is impossible to gain influence with a Fear Empire race.
Thoraxian Protectorate
When the fed controls 4+ planets, and the Thoraxians control 2+ outside the fed, if the Andors, Evucks, Peltians, or Boarines are also outside the fed, they made seek shelter behind the Thoraxians in the TP. The TP only dissolves when the Thoraxians are dead.
Union Of Independent States
When the fed controls 4+ planets, and some combination of the Acutians, Boarines, and/or Burlusts are not in it, they may form the UIS. The UIS does not dissolve until there is only one member race left alive in it. However, if a race has -50 or worse attitude toward any other members of the UIS, then it will grow increasingly discontented over time and eventually abandon the SAP (happens when your "Dislike Of Other Members Of UIS" influence with them reaches 100).
Trifecta Of Superiority
When the fed has been formed but only consists of the Acutians, Burlusts, and Thoraxians, they are likely to abandon the fed to establish their own TOS. The TOS does not dissolve until there is only one member race left alive in it. However, if a race has -50 or worse attitude toward any other members of the TOS, then it will grow increasingly discontented over time and eventually abandon the SAP (happens when your "Dislike Of Other Members Of TOS" influence with them reaches 100).
The Betrayed
When you do certain actions against a fed race, you lose influence with them in the category Betrayal From Within. If that amount reaches 1000ish (but varies by difficulty), they will leave to form or join TB. TB does not dissolve; for the fed to survive, all TB members must be destroyed. It is impossible to gain influence with a TB race.
Smuggler Empire
When there are more than 100m smugglers active on a planet, they overthrow the government and either form or join the SE. The SE does not dissolve; for the fed to survive, all the SE members must be destroyed.
