Unless I'm missing something, aside from maybe being required to win (maybe), it sounds like VPs are pretty much scoring with less finicky granularity.
Do they need to be called Victory Points? It sounds like most of the actions mentioned so far would be the sort of things that would suggest to a faction that "The Creator is on your side", so maybe just for theme they could be called "Belief Points" or something similar.
I must admit this VP system while it seems OK, doesn't float my boat to nearly the same extent as an overall Carnageometer.
I don't see much reason why this couldn't also act as a "Carnageometer" (I kind of like that term by the way). It just wouldn't be as fine-grain.
Getting VP for a faction taking a town sounds pretty reasonable.
Perhaps you could also get VPs for things like keeping unit production going or for having units in combat.
I guess to pull a rough example out of my ass (with a little thematic justification):
+1 VP every 10 - (number of unit types being consistently produced) with a minimum of 1 turns in a row a town is producing units. (factions like seeing their army grow)
+1 VP per connected building when an opposing town center is taken. (factions like taking the other faction's stuff, especially big stuff)
+1 VP every 5 turns where a faction kills at least 1 opposing unit. (factions like seeing their soldiers fight effectively)
+1 VP every 3 turns in a row where a faction has the majority of kills. (factions like winning)
(Yea this is probably rubbish as I just pulled it out of nowhere, but you get the idea.)