Alright, here you go! These are two files, an XML file which should be placed in GameData/Configuration/MapType, and a .cs file that should be placed in AIWarExternalCode/src. Recompile according to the instructions in
https://wiki.arcengames.com/index.php?title=AI_War_2:Earlier_Than_Earlier_Alpha_Modding_Instructions. Note that you will have to tweak the .csproj to include MapGenerationBadger.cs.
The code is vaguely tidy and should be readable. This code implements 4 major map types; "Solar System Lite" (Circles from my original post), "Dreamcatcher" (a gabriel graph), "Simple" (Relative Neighbor Subgraph, in homage to AIWC) and "Constellation" (spanning tree).
There is also another included map type, "ExampleForAspiringModders" which I wrote for anyone else who wants to try their hand at this. If you are interested in messing with the Map Generator code, please look at this example first. I promise it will make your life easier!
I'm happy to take suggestions or critique from anyone who wants to wade through it all.