Well, it's hard to deal with tractor beam turrets quickly once you get into range. People have various strategies that they use, so I'm sure others will weigh in with what they like to do, but my strategies boil down to four things:
1. If I must kill something quickly but don't have overwhelming force, I might send in a suicide squad of guys to kill that, and then there's probably no hope of escape.
2. If I have overwhelming force in general, then group-moving it all into range of a turret ball will kill all the threats first, and then the tractors will die out at the last.
3. If I must kill something quickly, don't have overwhelming force, and want to get some key ships back out alive, then you can use the "vacuum" capabilities of the transports. Once your guys are ready to escape, but are still stuck in the tractor beams, tell them to get into the transport. Then drive the transport over top of them, and it will suck them up as it does, allowing at least some of the guys to escape depending on how much health they have, how fast you are at it, and just how dangerous the surrouding enemies are, etc.
But, the strategy I use most of all is:
4. Keep my main forces back from the turret ball in general, then either have some suicidal smaller ships or some suitably long-range ships destroy the guard post. All of the mobile enemy ships that had been guarding it then run over to fight my stuff -- away from their protecting turrets and tractors -- and I eat them for lunch. Then I move in and kill all the non-tractor turrets (because the tractors don't really hurt anything other than my ability to escape), and then finish of the tractors when the rest are dead.
Or some variation on #4, anyway, tends to work great.