Hmm, I wonder if sometimes a good way to test "colorblind readiness" would be to basically strip all color (or more formally, set saturation to 0, thus making hue irrelevant as there is no color, and only brightness can be used to distinguish tones). If there is any information that is no longer available by this change, that is a big concern, even if their is a "colorblind friendly" mode.
If there is any information that can still be gotten but becomes much harder to obtain, then that is something you would want to address with either messing around with brightness or adding some sort of "colorblind friendly" mode.
Extreme, yes, but if you can still keep your interface accessible even with the absence of color (possibly with an optional toggle specifically for a different "colorblind friendly" display mode), you have almost assured that any sort of colorblindness won't be an issue.
Of course, when you have limited time to fix these sorts of things, targeting only the most common forms of colorblindness may have to do.